AD 224-1220

224-651 AD

Sasanian dynasty rules Persia; Zoroastrianism is dominant religion.

636

Arab invasion brings end of Sasanian dynasty and start of Islamic rule.

9th century

Emergence of modern Persian language (or Farsi), written using a form of Arabic script.

 

Isfahan, major city of the Seljuk Turks

9-13th century

Decline of Islamic Caliphate; rise of Seljuk Turk dynasties.

Seige underway by Mongol forces

1220

Invasion by Mongol forces of Genghis Khan.